Phoenix 24
Harassment and algorithms push users toward private spaces.
BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA — July 2026. The internet is increasingly shifting from an open public square into a collection of private and controlled communities. Argentine philosopher Tomás Balmaceda used the “dark forest” theory to explain why users are posting less, restricting their audiences and moving conversations to closed groups.
The metaphor was popularized by entrepreneur Yancey Strickler and inspired by Liu Cixin’s science-fiction work. Like civilizations that remain silent to avoid detection, internet users continue to communicate but conceal themselves from trolls, surveillance, harassment and unwanted exposure. WhatsApp groups, Telegram channels, private accounts and invitation-only communities have become digital refuges.
Balmaceda cited research indicating that 41 percent of American adults have experienced online harassment or abuse, with most incidents occurring on social networks. He also noted that 55 percent of users publish less than five years ago, while 53 percent have restricted who can view their content. Public participation has therefore declined even as overall digital activity remains intense.
Platform algorithms contribute to the transformation by rewarding outrage, confrontation and emotionally charged reactions. Provocative “rage bait” content generates comments, extends viewing time and increases advertising revenue. In this environment, controversy becomes more profitable than thoughtful conversation.
The retreat also strengthens confirmation bias as users remove opposing views and surround themselves with increasingly homogeneous communities. Journalists, researchers and creators face a particular dilemma because they depend on public visibility while remaining exposed to hostility. Social networks risk becoming one-way broadcasting systems rather than spaces for genuine exchange.
The conversation has not disappeared—it has moved beyond public view.